Locomotive.



Y PATENTE@ MAY 7. 1907.

c. J. MELLIN.

LOGOMOTIVB.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 5, 1906.`

FIGA.

mib. l.

WITNESSES .PATENTBD MAY v, 1907.

G. J. MELUN.l

- LoGoMOmIvB. APPLIOATION PILI DEO. 5, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3'.

PATBNTBD MAY 7, 1907.

C. J. MELLIN.

LOGOMOTIVE.

APPLwATIoN FILED 1330.5, 190s.

s SHEBTHSRBET 4.

FIG.H.

FIG?.

INVENTOR WITNESSES JW, @la

PATENTED MAY 7, 1907.

C. J. MELLIN.

LOCOMOTIVE.

APPLwATIoN FILED 1320.5, 190s.

e mums-snm 4.

INVENTOR wamssas CARL J. MELLIN, OF Shi-IENEOTADY, NEW YORK.

I ooolvlorivis.4

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented vMay 7, 1907.

Application led December 5.1906. Serial No. 346,441.

T0 all u'w/'n/ it muy coll/cern:

Be it known that I, CARL J. MELUN, of Schenectady, in the county ol`- Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Locomotives, 'of which improvement the 'following is a speciiication.

My invention particularly relates to loco# motives of what is known as the articulated type, the distinguishing characteristics of which are that the wheels are carried in a rear traine and in an independent front frame pivotallyconuected thereto by a ccnter pin or pins, upon which it is free to swivel radially relatively to the rear frame, and that the boiler is attached rigidly to, and supported at its rear end on, the rear traine, and 1s su ported, adjacent to its 'forward end, on the iiiont frame, without being rigidly con nected thereto, so that the latter has the Icapacity of lateral or swiveling movement independently of the boiler. Certain features of my invention are, however, not limited in application to locomotives of the above type,4 and may, without variation of structural or operative principle, be embodied in those` o'lt other known and approved constructions.

The objects of my invention are to provide e'ii'ective and reliable means for supporting the boiler on the front frame and insuring the automatic adjustment of the bearing of the former on the latter in the relative movements of the frame and boiler; for centering.'

the front frame relatively to the boiler in the passage of' the locomotive from straight to curved portions 'of the track, and vice versa; for connecting the front and rear frames with the capacity of adjustment forkproper balancing and alinexnent of the front and rear frames and the weight carried thereon; and, for connecting the reversing mechanism with the valve actuating mechanism.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side view, in elevation, of a locomotive illustrating an embodiment of my invention, the connecting rods and their crank pins being omitted in order to avoid complication ofy lines ,'Fig. 2, a rear view, in elevation, and on an enlarged scale, the cab being omitted;

iFigs 3, 4, and 5, transverse sections, on a similar scale, on the lines ac, bb, and cc, respectively, of Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a front view,

partly in elevation and partly in section, ol the centering mechanism; Fig. 7, a front view, in elevation, of the sliding bearing of the boiler and't'ront frame; Fig. S, a transverse section through the centering spring casing; Fig. 9, au end view ol" the saine; Fig. 10, a transverse section through the sell adjusting bearing plate of the boiler and l'ront trame 5 l*1 ig. il, an end view of the same g Fig. 12, a vertical section through a spring casing oll the lloating device 'for reducing friction on the bearing plate, and a transverse section through said plate; Fig. 13, a front view, in elevation, of the lloating device; Fig. 14, a plan view showing the manner of connecting the rear and front fra-mes and Fig. 15, a side View, in elevation, of the adjoining portions of the rear and front frames.

My invention is herein exeniplii'ied as ap plied in a four cylinder articulated compound locomotive. having a rear fra-inc, 8, and an independent front l'ranie, 8, each of which is of the bar type, comprising an upper and a lower rail, and is provided with pcdestals, in which the journal boxes oi a set of driving wheels, l, arc mounted in the usual manner, there being, in this instance., six driving wheels carrying in hh frame.

The front and rear lraine's are pivotally connected by center pins, Si?, iitting, in line axially one with the othery'and in the longitudinal central plane ot' the locomotive, in sockets secured to transverse braces, 8", and 8d, on the members of the rear and the l'ront frames, respectively. The boiler, el, is secured rigidly to the rear frame, S, its iirebox, 5, being connected to the rear portion thereof by expansion braces, and its waist being connected to the rear frame by a guide brace, i

6, and alsol being attached to the saddles of a pall of high pressure cylinders, 12a, secured to the rear frame at the front thereof.

forward portion of the boiler, 4, and its sinoke box, 4, are supported on the front frame, C, but are not rigidly connected there to, so that the front franie has t-he capacity ol swiveling movement, relatively to tlie rear frame and boiler, in the manner' of a truck or bogie, in passing to, through, and from curves. A pair of low pressure cylinders, 12f, is secured to the iront frame, near I0 its forward end, andthe driving wheels of the rear and iront frames are rotated by connect1ons 'from the pistons ofthe high presf The- A tively, in the ordinary manner.

sure and the low pressure cylinders, above stated, the locomotive herein Ylor th accords generally with instances@t the articulated type known and used in practical railroad service `prior to my invention, the several features ol" improvenient ot' which will now be described. In order to support the forwarclportion ot the boiler upon the iront trarne, with the capacity of reeswiveling move-nient oi Asaid frame relatively to the boiler and automatic adjustment of the bearing of the latter upon the former, and to ei'ect and control the automatic centering of the boiler and front frame, that is to say, the s inovcments of the iront trarne troni its normal position in line vlongitudinally' with the boiler in passing from a tangent to a curve of the track, and into said normal position in passing troni a curve to atangent and vthe ineintenance of the front trarne in norrnal position while the locomotive is traversing tangent or straight portions ofthe track, well Vas to prevent detachment or displacement ot' the boiler from its normal relation vertically to the front frame, the following mechanism is provided.

A substantial transverse bed plate or hearing su port, 7, which performs the eddie tional unction of a transverse frame brace, is fitted between and firmly secured to the side rails of the front frame, 8, at any con venient point in its length', as, say, about one 4third thereof from its rear end, and a saddle or boiler support, 9, the upper faceof which is internally curved to the radius or" the boiler shell, and which, for convenience of construction, is preferably as shown, coinposed of an -upper and a lower section, 's Secured to the boiler, 4, above the support. 7. A self adjusting bearing plate, 7', is interposed between the support, 7, and the saddle, 9, said plate having its lower tace,- which rests on the top of the support, 7, cone veX or curved upon a comparatively long radius in transverse section, so as to he capable of a limited degree of rocking movement, as shown in Figs. 10, 11, and l2. The saddle, 9, and the portion of the weight ci the boiler which it carries, are supported. on the been ing plate, 7 1, preferably, as shown, through the intermediation of an interposed friction plate, 9, fitted in the lower face of the saddle. The bearing support, 7'-, and. bearing plate, 7a, while' thus supporting the boiler and its connected. saddle, are free to move laterally with the vfront frame, 8*", relatively to the boiler and saddle, and, by the-plow vision of the convex or curved lower face of the bearinff plate, said plate is afforded the capacity. o? automatic or self adjustment 'to compensate 'for variations of the vertical relationof the front frame and boiler.

The self adjusting bearing plate, 7 n, can ol' course be inverted, il" preferred, so that the saddle rests on the convexv side, when both have sorne lateral movement, and the friction plate, Qd, will then rest on the support, 7.

For the purpose of preventing the detachment or displacement of the boiler troni the 'iront trarne, the saddle is coupled to the bearing plate by a connecting plate, 9b,

whicf fits treely in a central opening or pasv ira-ine located at any convenient point be tween the supporting ,i shanisrn above de scribed and the forward, end ci' the frame, in this instance, below tne smoke box, et, ot

ll o

the boiler, and comprises the following rncn'il bers4 transverse abutment support, l0, which also serves as a transverse brace for the iront traine, 8a, is fitted between and rnily secured to the side rails 'of said traine, and a centering spring casi. g, ll., is litted to move freely, transversely 'to the loconiotive, above the support 10. The spring casing, ll, issecured to the lower side oi a sad lle boiler seat, 11H, which is internally curved at its top in correspondence with the hoilershell and is secured thereto. yThe vertical adjustment of the saddle and spring casino, relatively to the abutment support l0, and front traine, 1s suoli that the saddle and spring casing are tree to move without contact of` the spring casing with the support l0. A central abutment, 1lb, is fitted freely in the spring casing, dividing the saine longitudinelly into two chambers, in each of which is located/a centering springfor pair of centering springs, A12", the springs in the two chambers abutting at their opposite ends on the central abutment, 11b, and on followers, l2?, passing freely through end caps, llc, lined to the spring easing. Thrust rods, i3, which are in the form of rods, cou led at their outer ends, by pins, 132.130 a, utrnents let, secured to the abutment support, 1G, enter, and bear on the bottoms oi', conical recesses in the followers, i252 Under the above construction, lateral movement of the iront frame, and connected.` abutmentsunport, l), in either direction relatively IXO 'to the coller, is resistefl'byvthe centeringv springs, l2, inasmuch as'itV effects their co1npression through the followers, thrust rods, and abutments, 11b and lll. The centering sprins consequently act to riuiintain the ing plate and the abutting surface of the boiler and front frame in their normal position longitudinally in line on 'straight portions of the track; to impose a resistance which properlyregulates the lateral movement of the front frame lin passing from a straight to a curved portion of the track ;-and, by the release of such resistance, to automatically center or retiun the boiler and front frame to normal position in passing and, in locomotives of comparatively great weight, it becomes desirable to etlect a reduction of the friction between the bearsaddle, 9, through which the weight is transmitted to the bearing plate. To this end, a floating device or elastic resistance mechanism, one specific embodiment of which is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13, is provided, the leading and essential characteristic ol' said mechanism being means for relieving the bearing plate from a portion of the weight carried by the saddle, and transmitting the relieved portion of the weight to the front frame through a support which is independent of the bearing'plate and which rests on the front frame through an interposed yielding or elastic bearing.

In the instance herein exempliiied, the pressure ol' a portion olthe weight carried by the saddle, t), is relieved or released from the bearing plate, 7, andthe friction of the abutting face of the saddle thereon correspondingly reduced, by two vertical floating rod supports, 15, each having a spherical,

upper end bearing face, tit-ting a correspondingly, recessed socket bearing, 91', inserted in the lower side of a lug, 9g, which, in this instance, is shown as on one side' of the saddle, 9, and bearing, at its lower end, on a follower, 15, which is supported on a yielding or elastic resistance member, in this case a helical spring, 15b, iitting in a cylindrical casing, 15, cast integral with the support, 7, or otherwise :[ixed to a suitable bed plate or bearing secured to the front frame, 8a. For convenience of construction, the bearing face of the spring casing, 15, is formed on a separate sleeve, 15d, secured det-achably tol the bottom of the casing, which, however, is not essential. 'lhe construction* described may, ol course, be duplicated, if desired, in-

dependently oi' the support, 7, and saddle, 9.'

It will be seen that by proper proportioning of the elastic resistance, the relief of weight and reduction of friction upon the bearing, 7, may be etl'ected to any desired degree, and it will also be clear to those familiar with locomotive constructiox/rfthat the elastic resistance of [luid pressure, 'as air or steam, acting on the lower sides of the followers, 15, they being, in such case, fitted with the ordinary packing, may be substituted for that of the springs selected for illustration, without departure from the spirit aml operative principle of my invention.

Under certain circumstances, it may become necessary o1` desirable to balance and aline the front and rear frames vertically, and thereby to vary and adjust the relative proportions of weight carried by them, respectively, to which end, said frames, in addition to being pivotally connected, iu the longitudinal central plane of the locomotive, by the pins, Sb, as before described, are provided with adjustable lexible connections, which permit the swiveling movements of the front frame, and are capable of adjustment to vary the vertical relation of the two frames and to maintain them in their adjusted vertical relation. One form ol' connections of such character, which has been found to operate satisfactorily in regular service, is

shown in Figs. 14 and 15, referring to which,

each side member of the rear` frame, 8, is connected to the adjacent side member of the front frame, S, by a vert-ical bolt, 16, which passes through, and tits freely in, one of the rails (in this case the lower rail) of the, rear frame, and one of the rails (in this case the upper rail) of the front fra-me. The bolts, 1G, are fitted tothe respective frame rails through the intermediation of flexible joints,

formed by spherical faced washers, 16, seated in corresponding sockets, 16, in ,the frame rails, and are threaded at and adjoiningr each of their ends and provided with adjusting nuts, 16', by which the washers of the upper and lower ends, and consequentlythe frame rails on which they bear, may be drawn toward each other or be permitted to be separated for a greater distance, as tho case may be, to effect the desired relative vertical adjustment of the rear and front frames. By reason ofl the flexibility of the joints o1 the connecting bolts with the frame rails, the connections above described, permit, in any and all adjusted relative vertical positions of the two frames, the free swiveling movement of the front frame about the common axis of the coupling pins, 8b.

My invention is not, as to this feature, limited to the specific form of adjustable flexible connections selected for illustration and above described', which may be -varied, as to structural detail, in the discretion of those skilled in locomotive construction'l'witl,iout departure from the spirit and operative yprin- IOO Iso

rear traine, a front trarne pivotally connected thereto, wheels Journaled 1n bearings in said frames, a boiler rigidl)v connected to the rea-r frame, a transverse bearing su )port lixed to the front traine, a saddle 'lixed to the boiler and supported. with the capacity ot' inde pendentl lateral movem tit, on the bearing support, a connecting late passing t`reel v through the saddle, am bolts securing said connecting plate detachablv to the bearing support.

5. ln a locomotive, the combination ot' a rear traine, a front trame ol.' bar torni pivotall}- connected thereto, wheels journaled in t arings in said lrzunes. a boiler rigidl)Y connected to the rear traine, a transverse abutment support and l'ramc brace lixed to the front frame, a spring easing secured to the boiler with the capacity ot independent lateral movement, relativelyto the front l'rame, centering springs extending longitudinally in th'e spring casing, followers fitting treel)v in thel spring easing and abutting against the centering springs, abntments fixed to the abutmentsupport, and tension members bearing. at the opposite ends, on the followers and on the abutment-s, respectively.

t3. .ln a locomotive, the combination of a rearlrame, a front traine ot bar form )ivotall connected thereto, wheels liournaled in bearings in said trames, a boiler rigidl)Y connected to the rear trame, a transverse abutment support and l'rmne brace 'lixed to the l'ront I'ranie, a spring casing having the capar-.itiY ot'. imlepemlent lateral movement rel.-ttivel vto the l'ront 'rame. and secured to the boiler, springs extending longitudinally in the spring casing, and means l'or ell'ecting compression of said springs in and by the lateral movements ol` the l'ront l'rame and connected abutment support..

T. ln a locomoti\e, the combination ot a rear trame, a t'ront l'rame pivotall connected thereto, wheels journaled in bearings in said trames, :L iwiler rigidly connected to the. rear trame, a transverse, abutment support and trame brace lixed to the l'ront trame, a spring casing secured to the boiler with the capacityY otI independt-ait lateral movement relatively to the l'ront trame, centering springs extending longitudinaltv in the springr casing, and means l`or ell'ecting compression olI said springs in and by the lateral movementsol the l'ront frame and connected abutment support.

S. ln a locomotive, the combination ol' a rear l'ramc, a l'ront l'rame ol' bar l'orm ivot.- all) connected thereto, wheels jom'na ed in bearings in said trames, a boiler rigidlyconnected to vthe rear l'ralne, a transverse bearingl support and l'rame brace tixed to the l'ront trame, a saddle ixed to t-he boiler and supported, with the capacity ot. independent lateral movement, on the bearing support` a 4transverse abutment support and trame brace. fixed to the front trame in advance of the bearing support a spring casing secured to the boiler with the capzujitv ot independent lateral movement, relatively to the front', frame, :springs extending longitudinally in the spring casing, and means tor etl'eeting compression ol said springs in and by the lateral movements of the lront tra-me and connected abutment support.

t). [n a locomotive, the combination ot a rear traine, a front frame pivotall) connected thereto, wheels journaled in bearings in said trames. a. boiler rigidl \Y connected to the rea-r frame. a transverse bearing support lixed to the l'ront frame, a saddle lixed to the boiler and supported, with the capacitY ot independent lateral movement, on the bearing:T support, and a loating device or elastic resistance mechanism through which a portion ot the weight ot the saddle and boiler is transmitted to the trout trame.

1t). ln a locomotive, the combination of a. rear trame, a front trame pivotallvr connected thereto, wheels journaled in bearings in said frames, a boiler rigidly connected to the rear traine, a transverse bearing support fixed to the l-ront trame, a bearing )late resting freely on the bearing sup )ort and movable laterally therewith relatively to the boiler, a saddle tixed to the. boiler and restingr on the bearing plate, and a tloating device er elastic. resistance mechanism through which a portion ot' the. weight ot the saddle and boiler is relieved trom the bearing plat and transmitted to the l'ront l'rame.

11. In a locomotive, the combination ot a rear frame, a liront trame pivotallv connected thereto, wheels journaled in bearings in said trames, ay boiler rigidly connected to the .rear trame, a transverse bearing support lixed to the. front fraaie, a 'saddle lixed to the boiler and supported, with the. capacit)v ot independent lateral movement, on tho bearing support, a `yielding or elastic member on the bearing support, bearings on the saddle, and vertical lloating rod supports interposed between, and abutting on, the saddle bearings and the vielding resistance member.

l2. ln a locomotive` the combination of a rear trame, a l`ront lranie pivotaltv connected thereto, wheels journaled in bearings in said frames, a boiler rigidly connected to the rear trames, a tra-nsverse,bearing support lixed to the [front frame, a saddle lixed to the boiler and supported, with the capacity ol independent lateral movement, on the bearing support, springs abutting on the bearing support., bearings on the saddle, and vertical tloating rod supports interposed between and abutting on, the saddle bearings 'and the. springs.

lit. In a locomotive, the combination ol' a rear lralnc; a l'ront trame, ol` bar l'orm, pivotall v connected thereto, wheels lmu'naled in bearings in said l'rames, a` boiler rigidly con- IOO neoted to the rear frame snd supported, with the capacity of independent lateral movement, on the front. treme, end adjustable joints between scid connecting rneinb ineens for vertically balancing and slining the frontend rear trames.

le. in s locomotive, the combination of s reel freine, e iront fra-inc, of bar forro, pivotelly connected thereto, wheels journ o l in bearings in scid frames, s boiler rigidly connected to tire recrirenie and supported, Witli capacity of independent lateral move nient, on the front freine, and edjnstzible 'liexible 'connections interposedbctween tlie side members of tlie recr frames and the cdjscent side members of the front freine.

l5. in e. locomotive, the combination of o rear freine, front ironie, of ber form, pivotolly' (minitel:` fl thereto, Wheels journaicl in bearings in sind trames, o boiler rignlly con-- nected to the rear and supported, tutti ,the capacity ot independent letercl Inovement, on tlie front freine, vertically adjust able connecting members coupling. the side nienibers or lie roer frames to the sdiscent side members of the irontiresnes, sul tlf cnd the freine members.

lo. in n locomotive, the combination of rear traine, :i iront treme, oit bei' for n, pivot-- olly connected thereto, Wns'els gooi" led in conbearings in seid frames, o boiler .rigid-" neoted to the "fear ironic end supported, W the cape, i 'if ot in l'ejendent. nieve nient, on tire fron traine, vertical oorniecting bolts erich pe 3g through end fitting ires stione end, in o rsil of tire reto tbe otliereno, lnersilo th t sp1 ericsl Washers ting correspon ding sockets yin tite trees-etw ilst the `toot plate, i reverse lever ixedon said slieft revcrsin arms on the ends of Ascid slial't,-t\vo lift sual'ts for Valve actuatlng nieobciusnr, iixed on opposite sides of the weist oil tile boiler, lifting levers journc'ledon said lift slicits, and reach rods connecting the reversing ernis and littin levers.

19. in o locomotive, tv e combination of a reversing shaft journsld in bearings below tbe foot plete, sreverse lever fixed on scid shaft, reversing arms on the ends off/'said siii-ift, two rear litt shafts for valve actuating mechanism, fixed on opposite sides of the wsistot tne boiler, two forward lift shafts for valve actuating mechanism, ixed on opposite sides of tlie weist of the boiler, lifting levers jonrnsled on the rear and forward lift shafts, rear reach rods connecting the re,-

versing arms and the lifting arms of the rear lift shafts, sind forward reach rods oonnccting tbc-lifting levers of the rearlift shafts with those of the forward lift shafts. i.

" CARL J. M'ELLIN.

vVitalesees-:

5. @.NoWimN BELL, Girone); H. SoNNEBoRN. 

